Volume 2, Part 2 (1994)
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A.V. Tchesunov.
Description of a marine free-living nematode Stephanolaimus graciosus
sp. n. and erection of Setostephanolaimus gen. n. (Chromadoria:
Leptolaimidae), 79-82.
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V.V. Yushin
and V.V. Malakhov. Ultrastructure of the body cuticle of free-living
marine nematodes, 83-98.
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L.I. Evtushenko,
L.V. Dorofeeva, T.G. Dobrovolskaya and S.A. Subbotin. Coryneform
bacteria from plant galls induced by nematodes of the subfamily Anguininae,
99-104.
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S.A. Subbotin,
V.N. Chizhov and N.N. Zakharenkova. Ultrastructure of the integument
of parasitic females in entomogenous tylenchids. I. Two species of the
genus Wachekitylenchus, Allantonema mirable and Bradynema rigidum,
105-112.
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O.A. Kulinich,
I.A. Kruglic, A.S. Eroshenko and N.V. Kolosova. Occurrence and distribution
of the nematode Bursaphelenchus mucronatus in the Russian far East,
113-119.
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A.Y. Ryss
and D. Sturhan. Studies on Pratylenchoides ivanovae Ryss,
1980 and P. magnicauda (Thorne, 1935), 121-128.
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Abstracts of papers presented at the First All-Russian meeting on free-living
and parasitic nematodes (Borok, 23-25th May, 1994), 129-138.
- Book Review, 139-140.
- Russian Society of Nematologists News, 141-144.
Tchesunov, A.V.
Description of a marine free-living nematode Stephanolaimus
graciosus sp. n. and erection of Setostephanolaimus gen. n. (Chromadoria:
Leptolaimidae)
Summary:
Stephanolaimus graciosus sp. n. is described from the benthos
in the South Atlantic off Namibia coast. The new species differs from S.
elegans Ditlevsen, 1918, the only other member of the genus Stephanolaimus
s. str. by having shorter cervical setae, fewer tubular supplements (9
vs. 36-45) and the presence of postanal papilla vs. preanal seta. The
genus Stephanolaimus Ditlevsen, 1918 is revised and the majority
of its species (apart from the type species and one described herein) is
separated into a new genus Setostephanolaimus gen. n. The new genus
differs from Stephanolaimus s. str. by the configuration of 6+4
cephalic setae vs. 4, simple labial region without a labial disc, amphid
shape. S. jayasreei Platt, 1983 is considered to be conspecific with, and consequently junior synonym of S. longispiculum Jayasree, 1981.
Key words: Leptolaimidae, marine nematodes, Stephanolaimus
graciosus sp. n., Setostephanolaimus gen. n., taxonomy.
Yushin, V.V.
and Malakhov, V.V.
Ultrastructure of the body cuticle of free-living marine
nematodes
Summary:
The ultrastructure was studied of the body cuticle of 21 species of
free-living marine nematodes belonging to 15 families in the Enoplida,
Chromadorida, Desmodorida, Monhysterida and Araeolaimida. Most species
had cuticles with osmiophilic epicuticle, striated exocuticle in the cortical
position, fibrous mesocuticle and basally positioned endocuticle. The mesocuticle
in enoplids, chromadorids, monhysterids and araeolaimids usually is multilayered
and frequently has cavities crossed by intra-cuticular radial columns.
Strongly sclerotized cuticles of nematode species belonging to the family
Chromadoridae are comprised of mesocuticular transversal rings. The cuticle
of desmodorids has a more specialized ultrastructure which may be considered
as being modified. Punctuations of the cuticle of free-living marine nematodes
appear to have evolved independently between orders.
Key words: marine nematodes, cuticle, ultrastructure.
Evtushenko,
L.I., Dorofeeva, L.V. , Dobrovolskaya, T.G. and Subbotin, S.A.
Coryneform bacteria from plant galls induced by nematodes
of the subfamily Anguininae
Summary:
New associations are reported of coryneform bacteria with the gall-forming
nematodes, Anguina agropyri, Heteroanguina graminophila, Mesoanguina
picridis and Subanguina radicicola. Bacteria isolated were identified
as Aureobacterium spp., Curtobacterium spp. and Rathayibacter
spp. in accordance with the properties of the strains and bacterial classification.
Three strains obtained from stem galls of Elytrigia repens and leaf
galls of Calamagrostis neglecta could not be assigned to known genera.
The taxonomic position of these three strains has to be determined. Bacteria-nematode
associations appear to be more wide-spread among anguinids then has been
previously described.
Subbotin, S.A.,
Chizhov, V.N. and Zakharenkova, N.N.
Ultrastructure of the integument of parasitic females
in entomogenous tylenchids. I. Two species of the genus Wachekitylenchus,
Allantonema mirabile and Bradynema rigidum
Summary:
The structure of integument of parasitic female Wachekitylenchus
bemibidi,W . bovieni, Allantonema mirabile and Bradynema rigidum
were studied using transmission electron microscopy and compared with that
present in several related species. In all species the microvilli layer
covered the surface of hypodermis. Three types of structures of nematode
body wall having hypodermal microvilli were revealed. The first type, observed
in B. rigidum, W. bovieni and also in Howardula husseyi, contains
only a microvilli layer. In the second type the body wall is covered with
cuticle-like and microvilli layers: W. bembidi and A. mirabile.
The third type - 'spongy layer', have only been observed in Skarbilovinema
laumondi. The adaptive significance of microvilli for parasitism and
use of this character in the systematics of entomogenous nematodes are
discussed.
Key words: ultrastructure, integument, hypodermis,
Wachekitylenchus
bembidi, W. bovieni, Allantonema mirabile, Bradynema rigidum, entomogenous
nematodes.
Kulinich,
O.A., Kruglic, I.A., Eroshenko, A.S. and Kolosova, N.V.
Occurrence and distribution of the nematode Bursaphelenchus
mucronatus in the Russian Far East
Summary:
During the summer of 1991 - 1993 the conifer forests of the Russian
Far East area were surveyed to determine the presence of the pinewood nematode
Bursaphelenchus
xylophilus (Steiner & Buhrer, 1934) Nickle 1970. Wood samples from
branches, logs, and tops of dead and dying pine (Pinus sylvestris
L., P. koraiensis Sieb. & Zucc.), spruce (Picea koraiensis
Nakai, P. ajanensis Fisch.), larch (Larix dahurica Turcz.)
and fir (Abies nephrolepis Maxim.) were assayed. The results showed
that B. xylophilus was not present in the area, but a closely related
nematode B. mucronatus was widespread. Morphological features of
B. mucronatus from Primorsky territory are illustrated, the nematode
distribution is given. B. mucronatus was obtained only from wood
of plantation-grown Scots (P. sylvestris) and Korean (P. koraiensis)
pines. The maximum number of B. mucronatus was found 20,000 nematodes per gram of pine (P. koraiensis) fresh wood. Most
of infected B. mucronatus pines died during one summer, suggesting
that B. mucronatus caused their death.
Key words: Russia, Far East, pinewood nematode, Bursaphelenchus
xylophilus, B. mucronatus, conifers, Pinus sylvestris, P. koraiensis.
Ryss, A.Yu.
and Sturhan, D.
Studies on Pratylenchoides ivanovae Ryss, 1980
and P. magnicauda (Thorne, 1935)
Summary:
The type material of Pratylenchoides ivanovae and populations
from Germany and Russia (St. Petersburg region and Chukchi peninsula) was
compared with P. magnicauda specimens from Spitsbergen and data
from the literature. The synonymy P. ivanovae =P. magnicauda
is established and males of P. magnicauda are described for the
first time. The less developed stylet and oesophagus in males, presence
of lateral flanges on the spicules and the dorsal curvature of the male
tail are characters supporting the inclusion of the species in the genus
Pratylenchoides
rather than in Amplimerlinius.
Key words: Pratylenchoides ivanovae, P. magnicauda, morphology,
distribution, Germany, Russia.
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